For non-precision approaches, the final approach fix is identified by the Maltese cross. This is identified in the chart's profile view by the lightning bolt. MDA - Minimum Descent Altitude: The altitude defined in a chart's minima section and profile view representing the lowest altitude to which the pilot may descend on a specific approach segment.įor precision approaches, the final approach fix is defined as the glide slope intercept at the published altitude. The pilot, thus, makes a decision at the decision altitude: either land or go missed. Without this visual contact, the pilot must execute the missed approach procedure. Even though some WAAS-based approaches include vertical guidance (glide path), they are not considered to be precision approaches.ĭA - Decision altitude: The altitude defined in a chart's minima section representing the point where the pilot must have visual contact with the runway, runway environment, or lights to continue to a landing. They are typically noted by a lack of a vertical guidance component. Non-precision Approach: Any instrument approach that is not considered "precision". Its vertical guidance is provided by the glide slope. An ILS is an example of a precision approach. Precision Approach: An instrument approach procedure using precision lateral and vertical guidance. Each procedure is designated for use with a specific electronic navigational aid, such as ILS, VOR, NDB, RNAV, etc." Each chart depicts the IAP, all related navigation data, communications information, and an airport sketch. IAP charts portray the aeronautical data that is required to execute instrument approaches to airports. " Instrument Approach Procedure (IAP) Charts.
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